As a result of the improvements, the power loom was commonly used after 1820. The initial power loom was not very efficient or commercially successful and was later improved upon by Scottish inventor William Harrocks and American inventor Francis Cabot Lowell. The power loom is a mechanized loom that used water power to speed up the weaving process. Power Loom:Įdmund Cartwright invented the power loom, which replaced the flying shuttle, in England in 1785. The spinning mule was particularly useful for the production of muslin. The machine was named after a mule because it was a hybrid machine that combined two earlier inventions, the spinning jenny and the water frame. Samuel Crompton invented the spinning mule, which could spin multiple spools of thread and yarn at once, in England in 1779. The machine was capable of spinning 96 strands of yarn at once and didn’t require any technical skills to operate. Although water frames have existed since ancient Egypt, Arkwright designed a model that could produce cotton thread. The water frame was patented by Richard Arkwright in England in 1769. James Watt’s double steam engine from his specification of 1782, illustration from 1822 Water Frame: This made the steam engine much faster and efficient, using only half as much coal to produce the same amount of power. Watt’s engine featured a separate condenser which filled the power cylinder with steam as the piston moved to the top so that it was immediately ready for another stroke instead of having to wait for the power cylinder to warm up again. James Watt patented his revision of the steam engine in Scotland in 1769. As the technology advanced, the machine was able to spin between 80 and 120 spindles. By turning a simple wheel on the machine, the operator could spin eight spindles of thread at once, instead of just one. The spinning jenny allowed workers to produce multiple spools of thread at the same time. James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny in Stanhill, England in 1764. This reduced the number of necessary weavers to one and greatly sped up the process so one weaver could weave fabric more quickly than two. The flying shuttle mounted the shuttle on wheels in a track and used paddles to push the shuttle side to side when the weaver jerked a cord. Before the invention of the shuttle, fabric was woven by two weavers passing a shuttle back and forth between them. James Kay invented a simple weaving machine called the Flying Shuttle in Languedoc, France in 1733. The engine was an important invention because it drained water out of deep mines, thus making it vital to the mining industry. The steam engine pumped water using a vacuum created by condensed steam. Newcomen’s steam engine was invented by Thomas Newcomen in England in 1712. The following is a list of inventions of the industrial revolution: Newcomen’s Steam Engine: These inventions helped further spur the industrial revolution and improved farming, manufacturing, transportation, communication, health, public safety as well as the economy.Įach invention and technological advancement helped spur future inventions so the timeline of the industrial revolution and where these inventions fit in the timeline is important to know. Many new and innovated inventions were created during the Industrial Revolution.
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